Beyond script there isn't a whole lot— nlocktime lets you make transactions which cannot be mined until a specified time in the future. This lets you build protocols that have "refunds", so that they don't cause funds to get stuck if a participant walks away.
But even just using a few features of script and nlocktime is exceptionally powerful:
One of the most important things script does is allows you to produce transactions which are bound into more complex protocols occurring outside of Bitcoin in a secure way. This allows you to extend Bitcoin's trustless decentralization into things which aren't part of Bitcoin proper.
Beyond script there isn't a whole lot— nlocktime lets you make transactions which cannot be mined until a specified time in the future. This lets you build protocols that have "refunds", so that they don't cause funds to get stuck if a participant walks away.
But even just using a few features of script and nlocktime is exceptionally powerful:
Securely and privately trading Bitcoins for other cryptocoins (including Bitcoins): https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=321228.0
or
Buying computationally verifiable information in an environment of mutual distrust: https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/User:Gmaxwell/why_hash_locked
One of the most important things script does is allows you to produce transactions which are bound into more complex protocols occurring outside of Bitcoin in a secure way. This allows you to extend Bitcoin's trustless decentralization into things which aren't part of Bitcoin proper.